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Linear perspective is a science that represents objects in space upon a plane, projecting them from a point of view. This concept was known in classical antiquity. In this book, Rocco Sinisgalli investigates theories of linear perspective in the classical era. Departing from the received understanding of perspective in the ancient world, he argues that ancient theories of perspective were primarily based on the study of objects in mirrors, rather than the study of optics and the workings of the human eye. In support of this argument, Sinisgalli analyzes, and offers new insights into, some of the key classical texts on this topic, including Euclid's De speculis, Lucretius' De rerum natura, Vitruvius' De architectura and Ptolemy's De opticis. Key concepts throughout the book are clarified and enhanced by detailed illustrations.

Perspective --- Visual perception --- Art, Ancient --- Art, Classical --- Perception visuelle --- Art antique --- History --- Histoire --- Arts and Humanities --- Optics, Psychological --- Vision --- Perception --- Visual discrimination --- Architectural perspective --- Linear perspective --- Mechanical perspective --- Optics --- Space (Art) --- Space perception --- Projection --- Proportion (Art) --- Shades and shadows --- Psychological aspects

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Producing the Pacific offers the reader an interdisciplinary reading of the maps, narratives and rituals related to the three Spanish voyages to the South Pacific that took place between 1567 and 1606. These journeys were led by Álvaro de Mendaña, Pedro Fernández de Quirós and Isabel Barreto, the first woman ever to become admiral of and command a fleet. Mercedes Maroto Camino presents a cultural analysis of these journeys and takes issue with some established notions about the value of the past and the way it is always rewritten from the perspective of the present. She highlights the social, political and cultural environment in which maps and narratives circulate, suggesting that their significance is always subject to negotiation and transformation. The tapestry created by the interpretation of maps, narratives and rituals affords a view not only of the minds of the first men and women who traversed the Pacific but also of how they saw the ocean, its islands and their peoples. Producing the Pacific should, therefore, be of relevance to those interested in history, voyages, colonialism, cartography, anthropology and cultural studies. The study of these cultural products contributes to an interpretive history of colonialism at the same time that it challenges the beliefs and assumptions that underscore our understanding of that history.

Mendaña de Neira, Alvaro de, --- Queirós, Pedro Fernandes de, --- Barreto Castro de Mendaña, Isabel, --- South Pacific Ocean --- Pacifique Sud --- Discovery and exploration --- Spanish --- Description and travel --- Découverte et exploration espagnoles --- Descriptions et voyages --- Discovery and exploration [Spanish ] --- Cartes --- Geographical perception. --- Travelers' writings, Spanish. --- Spanish travelers' writings --- Spanish literature --- Environmental perception --- Maps, Mental --- Mental maps --- Perceptual cartography --- Perceptual maps --- Perception --- Orientation (Psychology) --- Space perception

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Any landscape has an unseen component: a subjective component of experience, memory, and narrative which people familiar with the place understand to be an integral part of its geography but which outsiders may not suspect the existence of-unless they listen and read carefully. This invisible landscape is make visible though stories, and these stories are the focus of this engrossing book.Traveling across the invisible landscape in which we imaginatively dwell, Kent Ryden-himself a most careful listener and reader-asks the following questions. What categories of meaning

American essays -- History and criticism. --- Folklore -- Idaho -- Coeur d'Alene Region. --- Landscape assessment -- United States. --- Landscape assessment --- Geographical perception --- Folklore --- American essays --- American literature --- Folk-lore, American --- Environmental perception --- Maps, Mental --- Mental maps --- Perceptual cartography --- Perceptual maps --- Perception --- Orientation (Psychology) --- Space perception --- Assessment, Landscape --- Landscape evaluation --- Landscape perception --- Perception, Landscape --- Human ecology --- Land use --- Landscape protection --- Folk beliefs --- Folk-lore --- Traditions --- Ethnology --- Manners and customs --- Material culture --- Mythology --- Oral tradition --- Storytelling --- History and criticism --- History and criticism. --- Africa [Sub-Saharan ] --- United States

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Le présent volume contient les Actes du colloque international sur les " Représentations et conceptions de l'espace dans la culture médiévale " qui s'est déroulé du 19 au 21 octobre 2009 sous les auspices de l'Institut d'Etudes Médiévales de l'Université de Fribourg (Suisse). La participation de spécialistes de rang international à cette rencontre atteste du vif intérêt que suscitent aujourd'hui dans la communauté scientifique la perception et la compréhension médiévales de l'espace. En effet, d'importantes études menées au cours de la dernière décennie auront éclairé sous un nouveau jour la signification complexe de l'espace dans la civilisation du Moyen Age latin, qui se décline sur plusieurs registres : social, économique, politique, culturel et religieux. Loin d'apaiser la curiosité scientifique, les études récentes sur ces diverses facettes de l'espace médiéval ont ouvert de nouveaux horizons, suscité des interrogations nouvelles, mis à jour un vaste chantier d'investigation sur les rapports aux lieux et à l'espace dans la vie et la culture du Moyen Age européen. Le colloque visait donc à explorer davantage quelques pistes de recherche. Il a réuni des chercheurs de pays, de langues, de cultures et de domaines scientifiques différents. Il a ainsi donné lieu à un dialogue animé qui aura permis de confronter et d'enrichir mutuellement les visions de l'espace médiéval des spécialistes de l'histoire, de la philosophie, de l'histoire de l'art et de la littérature.

Cosmology, Medieval --- Space and time --- Space perception --- Space in literature --- Cosmologie médiévale --- Espace et temps --- Perception sociale --- Espace dans la littérature --- Congresses. --- Congresses --- History --- Congrès --- Histoire --- Cosmologie médiévale --- Espace dans la littérature --- Congrès --- Space of more than three dimensions --- Space-time --- Space-time continuum --- Space-times --- Spacetime --- Time and space --- Fourth dimension --- Infinite --- Metaphysics --- Philosophy --- Space sciences --- Time --- Beginning --- Hyperspace --- Relativity (Physics) --- Medieval cosmology --- Spatial perception --- Perception --- Spatial behavior --- Figure-ground perception --- Geographical perception --- Cosmology, Medieval. --- Space and time. --- Literary Studies. --- Middle Ages/Literature. --- Middle Ages/Philosophy. --- Space/in Literature.

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The third in a series that explores cultural and ethical values in Classical antiquity, this volume examines the dichotomy between 'city' and 'country' in ancient Greek and Roman cultures. Fourteen papers address a variety of topics on this theme, and include a variety of methodological approaches—archaeological, iconographic, literary and philosophical. The book demonstrates that, despite a common rhetoric of polarity in antiquity that tended to construct city and countryside as very distinct, oppositional categories, there was far less consistency (and far more nuance) about the ideologies felt to inhere in each.

Rural-urban relations --- Classical literature --- City and town life in literature --- Country life in literature --- Space in literature --- Relations villes-campagnes --- Littérature ancienne --- Vie urbaine dans la littérature --- Vie rurale dans la littérature --- Espace dans la littérature --- History --- Congresses. --- History and criticism --- Histoire --- Congrès --- Histoire et critique --- Landscape assessment --- Geographical perception --- Landscape in literature --- History. --- History and criticism. --- Landscapes in literature. --- Littérature ancienne --- Vie urbaine dans la littérature --- Vie rurale dans la littérature --- Espace dans la littérature --- Congrès --- Landscapes in literature --- Assessment, Landscape --- Environmental perception --- Landscape evaluation --- Landscape perception --- Perception, Landscape --- Human ecology --- Land use --- Landscape protection --- Maps, Mental --- Mental maps --- Perceptual cartography --- Perceptual maps --- Perception --- Orientation (Psychology) --- Space perception --- Rural-urban interaction --- Urban-rural interaction --- Urban-rural relations --- Sociology, Rural --- Sociology, Urban --- Landscape assessment - Greece - History. --- Landscape assessment - Rome - History. --- Geographical perception - Greece - History. --- Geographical perception - Rome - History. --- Rural-urban relations - Greece. --- Rural-urban relations - Rome. --- Landscape in literature - History and criticism. --- Classical literature - History and criticism.